| |
| 2. |
Crystallography and Mineralogy |
20 Marks
50 Periods |
| (i) |
Crystals-its definition, external forms, symmetry elements and crystal
systems. |
| (ii) |
Study of the normal class of the following systems: |
| |
(a) |
Isometric-Galena type-its symmetry elements, forms, general symbol, indices. |
| |
(b) |
Tetragonal-Zircon type-symmetry elements, forms, general symbol and indices. |
| |
(c) |
Hexagonal-Beryl type-symmetry elements, forms, general symbol and indices. |
| (iii) |
Mineral- definition, physical properties of minerals-form, colour, streak,
lustre.hardness, cleavage, fracture, specific gravity, taste feel and odour. |
| (iv) |
Mohs' scale of hardness and its uses. |
| (v) |
Study of physical characteristics, chemical composition and uses of the
following rock forming minerals : Quartz ,Potash-feldspar, Plagioclase, Calcite, augite,
hornolende,olivine, tourmaline. muscovite, biotite, beryl, talc and gypsum. |
| (v) |
Elementary knowledge of Optical Mineralogy : Introduction to petrological
microscope, nature of polarised light, isotryphism, anisotrophism, paleochroism,
extinction, interference colour, reflection, refraction, double-refraction and
Nicol prism. |
| 3. |
Petrology |
20 Marks
50 Periods |
| (i) |
Definition and types or rocks : Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic and the
criteria of distinguishing in hand specimens. |
| (ii) |
Magma-definition and composition |
| (iii) |
Igneous rocks-intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and study of
structures and textures.Classification of igneous rocks based on mineral constituents and texture. |
| (iv) |
Sedimentary rocks-conditions of depositions, types, origin and simple
classification of
sedimentary rocks into elastic and non-elastic. Structures and textures of
sedimentarys rocks. |
| (v) |
Metamorphic rocks-types of metamorphism, study of simple structures and
textures of
metamorphic rocks. |
| (vi) |
Study of mineralogical, structural features and mode of occurrence of the
following
rock types- Granite, Dolerite, Diorite, Pegmatite, Rhyolite, Gabbro, basalt,
slate,schist, gneiss, marble, quartzite, sandstone, limestone, shale, conglomerate and laterite. |
| 4. |
Economic Geology |
15 Marks
30 Periods |
| (i) |
Definition of ore, gangue and tenor. Scope of the subject, classification of
minerals on the
basis of industrial utilization. |
| (ii) |
Formation of mineral deposits-Magmatic and oxidation processes. |
| (iii) |
Study of mode of occurrence, origin, distribution and uses of the
following Indian
deposits-galena, gold, haematite,magnetite, chromite, pyrite, chalcopyrite,
coal and petroleum. |
| (iv) |
Mineral resources of Manipur. |
PRACTICAL
| One Paper |
3 Hours |
30 Marks |
| |
1. Crystallography
2. Mineral Hand Specimens
3. Rock Hand Specimens
4. Mineral Slides
5. Practical Note Book |
|
| (i) |
Study of the crystals belonging to the normal classes of isometric,
tetragonal, hexagonal
systems with the help of models. |
| (ii) |
Measurements of interfacial angles on crystal models with contact goniometer. |
| (iii) |
Determination of specific gravity of minerals with the help of Jolly's
spring balance and Walker's |
| (iv) |
Recognition in hand specimen by physical characters and simple chemical
test of the
following minerals : Quartz, potash-feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, muscovite,
biotite,
tourmaline, calcite, hornblende, olivine, garnet, chromite, magnetite, haematite,
bauxite,pyrite, galena and sulphur. |
| (v) |
Recognition in hand specimen of the following rocks-granite, gabbro, basalt,
rhyolite,dolerite, periodotite, dunite, marble, quartzite, gneiss, schist, sandstone,
shale, conglomerate, imestone and coal. |
| (v) |
Recognition of the following rock forming minerals under polarising
microscopes-Garnet,
quartz, orthoclase, microcline, plagioclase, augite, hornblende, blotite and
muscovite. |
CLASS XII
| One Paper |
3 Hours |
70 Marks |
| |
Unitwise Weightage |
|
| |
THEORY |
70 Marks |
| |
1. Structural Geology |
15 |
| |
2. General Stratigraphy and Indian Stratigraphy |
20 |
| |
3. Palaeontology |
20 |
| |
4.Applied Geology |
15 |
THEORY PAPER
| 1. |
Structural Geology |
15 Marks
50 Periods |
| (i) |
Definition and scope of Structural geology |
| (ii) |
Study and measurement of dip and strike |
| (iii) |
Definition and types of fold, fault, joint and unconforrnity. |
| (iv) |
Types of mountains and their origin |
| (v) |
Properties of Seismic waves, interior of the Earth as revealed by Seismic
waves |
| 2. |
General Strarigraphy
and
Indian Stratigraphy |
20 Marks
60 Periods |
| (i) |
Principles of Stratigraphy, Interpretation of sequence in rocks. |
| (ii) |
Development and sub-divisions of Geological-Time-Scale and Standard Stratigraphic
Correlation. |
| (iii) |
Physiographic divisions of India |
| (iv) |
Study of the following stratigraphic systems of India Dharwars of Mysore,
the Vindhyan
system of Sono Valley, Gondwana system and Tertiaries of N.E. India ( Assam and
Manipur ) |
| 3. |
Palaeontology |
20 Marks
40 Periods |
| (i) |
Definition and different branches of palaeontology |
| (iii) |
Definition of fossils and Index - fossils , mode of preservation and uses
of fossil,macro and microfossils. |
| (iv) |
Classification, time range and morphological study of the following :Lamellibranchia, Gastropoda and Brachiopoda. |
| 4. |
Applied Geology |
15 Marks
30 Periods |
Elementary Knowledge of the following :
(i) Mineral deposits - exploration of mineral deposits by geological prospecting
(ii) Soil erosion and its prevention
(iii) Land - slides and its prevention
(iv) Site for sinking wells for water supply
(v) Selection of constructional materials
PRACTICAL
| One Paper |
3 Hours |
30 Marks |
| |
1. Fossils
2. Geological Maps
3. Geographical Distribution of Stratigraphic Systems
4. Practical Note Book |
|
| (i) |
Drawing and labelling of parts of representative fossils , typical of each
phylum. |
| (ii) |
Study of the morphological characters of the following fossils :Sperifer
productus,terebratula, atrypa, unio, pecten, cardita, conus, voluta and turritela |
| (iii) |
Determination of strike and dip direction angle of
dip of a plane surface with the help of clinometer compass |
| (iv) |
Phisiographical and geological study of simple, contour geological maps.
Drawing of profile
and crosssection. |
| (v) |
Geographical distributions of the various stratigraphic systems : Dharwars
of Mysore ,the Vindhyan System of Sone Valley , Condwana system and Tertiaries of Sone
Valley ,Condwana system and Tertiaries of N.E India. |
Books Recommended For Classes XI and XII
| 1. |
Text Book of Geology |
- P.K.Mukherjee (The World Press Pvt. Ltd., 37 , College
Street , Calcutta - 12 ) |
| 2. |
Physical Geology |
- Dutta , A.K. (Modern Book Agencies Pvt. Ltd ., 10,Bankim Chaterjee Street , Calcutta -12) |
| 3. |
Laboratory Manual |
-A.K.Sen ( Modern Book Agency Pvt. Ltd., 10,Bankim Chaterjee Street , Calcutta -12) |
| 4. |
Economic Geology |
-Sen and Guha ( Modern Book Agency Pvt. Ltd ., 10, Bankim
Chaterjee Street , Calcutta -12 ) |
| 5. |
Principles of Petrology |
-Tyrrel G.W. ( Asian Publishing House , Calcutta) |
| 6. |
A Textbook of |
- 1. Prof. Ajoy Kumar sen,Palaeontology
2. Woods |
| 7. |
Hand Book of Mineralogy |
- A.K.Sen (Modern Book Agency Pvt. Ltd.,10,Bankim Chatterjee Street, Calcutta -12 ) |
| 8. |
Fundamentals of
Geology Vol. I & II |
- Borges and Gwalani |
| 9. |
Rutley's Elements of
Mineralogy |
-Read, N. H. ( Thomas Murfy & Co., London ) |
| 10. |
Geology of India &
Burma |
-Krishna, M. S, ( Higgin Bothama Pvt ., Ltd., Madras ) |
| 11. |
Structural Geology |
- M.P.Billings |
| 12. |
Engg. And General |
- Parbin Singh
Geology |
| © 2002 CIC Manipur |
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